In object-oriented programming, “interface” and “class” are two important concepts, which play different roles in the process of realizing object abstraction and encapsulation.
### Class
#### 1. Definition:
Class is the basic concept of object-oriented programming. It is a user-defined data type used to describe a collection of objects with the same properties and methods.
#### 2. Features:
#### 3. Example:
“`python
class Car:
def __init__(self, brand, model):
self.brand = brand
self.model = model
def drive(self):
print(f”{self.brand} {self.model} is driving.”)
# Instantiate object
my_car = Car(“Toyota”, “Camry”)
my_car.drive()
“`
An interface is an abstract type
that defines a set of methods or attributes but has no specific implementation. An interface defines the behavior that an object should have without caring about the internal structure of the object.
#### 2. Features:
– An interface only defines the signature japan phone number of a method without the specific logic of implementing the method.
– A class can implement one or more interfaces, and a class that implements an interface must implement all methods defined in the interface.
– An interface can be used to implement polymorphism.
#### 3. Example:
“`python
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
class Shape(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def area(self):
pass
@abstractmethod
def perimeter(self):
pass
class Circle(Shape):
def __init__(self, radius):
self.radius = radius
def area(self):
return 3.14 * self.radius * self.radius
def perimeter(self):
return 2 * 3.14 * self.radius
# Class that implements the interface
circle = Circle(5)
print(“Area:”, circle.area())
print(“Perimeter:”, circle.perimeter())
“`
Differences and connections
1. **Definition level:** A class is a specific data Armenia Phone Number List type that defines the properties and methods of an object; an interface is an abstract type that defines the behavior of an object but has no specific implementation.
2. **Implementation method:** Classes can be instantiated directly as objects, while interfaces themselves cannot be instantiated but can be implemented by classes.
3. **Usage scenarios:** Classes are used to describe specific objects, while interfaces are used to define the behavior specifications of objects.
4. **Polymorphism:** Class inheritance and polymorphism are important features of object-oriented programming, and the implementation of interfaces can achieve polymorphism.
In many programming languages, classes and interfaces are two important concepts in object-oriented programming. They are usually used in different scenarios and purposes, but can also be used in combination to achieve more flexible designs.
